Blogger SEO

Table of keyboard shortcuts

Action	Windows	Mac OS	KDE / GNOME	Emacs	Vim
File menu	`Alt`+`F`, or `F10` then `F`	`Ctrl`+`F2`, then `F` (requires full keyboard access active; > System Preferences > Keyboard > Keyboard Shortcuts > Full Keyboard Access > All Controls. Alternatively use `Ctrl`+`F7` to toggle this setting.)	`Alt`+`F`	`Meta`+`, then `f`	`Alt`+`f` (gvim) or `Ctrl`+`e` (vim + NERDTree)
Edit menu	`Alt`+`E`	`Ctrl`+`F2`, then `E`	`Alt`+`E`	`Meta`+`, then `e`	`Alt`+`e` (gvim)
View menu	`Alt`+`V`	`Ctrl`+`F2`, then `V`	`Alt`+`V`
Undo the last operation	`Ctrl`+`Z`, or `Alt`+`Backspace`	`⌘ Cmd`+`Z`	`Ctrl`+`Z`	`Ctrl`+`x`, then `u` or `Ctrl`+`/` or `Ctrl`+`_` or `Undo`	`u`
Redo the last operation	`Ctrl`+`Y`, or`Shift`+`Alt`+`Backspace`	`⇧ Shift`+`⌘ Cmd`+`Z`	`⇧ Shift`+`Ctrl`+`Z`, or `Ctrl`+`Y`	Same as undo, when undo is exhausted, it redoes. Move the cursor after one or more undos, and further undos will be redos.	`Ctrl`+`r`
Cut the selection and store it in the clipboard	`Ctrl`+`X`	`⌘ Cmd`+`X`	`Ctrl`+`X`	`Ctrl`+`w`	`x` or `"ax` to cut in register "a" or `"+x` to cut in system clipboard
Copy the selection into the clipboard	`Ctrl`+`C`, or `Ctrl`+`Ins`	`⌘ Cmd`+`C`	`Ctrl`+`C`	`Meta`+`w`, or `Ctrl`+`Ins`	`y` or `"ay` or `"+y`
Paste contents of clipboard at cursor	`Ctrl`+`V`,or `⇧ Shift`+`Ins`	`⌘ Cmd`+`V`	`Ctrl`+`V`	`Ctrl`+`y`, or `⇧ Shift`+`Ins`	`p` or `"ap` to paste the content of the "a" register or `"+p` to paste the content of the system clipboard
Paste special	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`V`	`Shift`+`Opt`+`Cmd`+`V`	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`V`	`Meta`+`y`
Select all in focused control or window	`Ctrl`+`A`	`⌘ Cmd`+`A`	`Ctrl`+`A`	`Ctrl`+`x`, then `h`	`ggVG`, unlikely ever needed as most command take an optional range parameter.`%` means "all in focused windows" here so e.g. to copy all the text, use `:%y`
Cycle through installed keyboard languages / input methods	`⇧ Shift`+`Alt`, or`⊞ Win`+`Space` The latter displays a menu with the currently selected input method highlighted, and debuted in Windows 8.	`Cmd`+`Space` (not MBR) Configure desired keypress inKeyboard and Mouse Preferences,Keyboard Shortcuts, Select the next source in Input menu.	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`K` via KDE Keyboard `⇧ Shift`+`Alt` in GNOME	`Ctrl`+`\`

Navigation[edit]

Action	Windows	Mac OS	KDE/GNOME
New browser window with same page as current	`Ctrl`+`N` (for both explorer.exe and iexplore.exe)		`Ctrl`+`N`
New folder	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`N`	`⇧ Shift`+`⌘ Cmd`+`N`	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`N`
Applications menu	`⊞ Win` or `Ctrl`+`Esc`	`Ctrl`+`F2`, then `"n"` (requires full keyboard access active, using > System Preferences > Keyboard > Keyboard Shortcuts > Full Keyboard Access > All Controls. Alternatively use `Ctrl`+`F7` to toggle this setting.)	`Alt`+`"n"` e.g. for _File_ `Alt`+`F`
Lock desktop	`⊞ Win`+`L`	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`Eject` or MBR `Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`Pwr` (If "Require password after sleep or screen saver" is enabled in "System Preferences — Security & Privacy")	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`L`
Show desktop	`⊞ Win`+`D` or `⊞ Win`+`M`, then use `⊞ Win`+`⇧ Shift`+`M`to bring back all windows)	`F11`	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`D`
Log out user		`⇧ Shift`+`⌘ Cmd`+`Q`	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`Delete`
Switch active user	`⊞ Win`+`L`
Task manager	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`Esc`, `Ctrl`+`Alt`+`Delete`+`↓`+`↓`+`↓`+`↵ Enter`	`Alt`+`⌘ Cmd`+`Esc`	`Ctrl`+`Esc`
Rename object	`F2`	`↵ Enter` or `F2`	`F2`
Open file or program	`↵ Enter` or `⇧ Shift`+`↵ Enter`	`⌘ Cmd`+`O` or `⌘ Cmd`+`↓`	`↵ Enter`
Switch window (next/previous)	`Alt`+`Tab ↹` / `⇧ Shift`+`Alt`+`Tab ↹`	`⌘ Cmd`+`Tab ↹` / `⇧ Shift`+`⌘ Cmd`+`Tab ↹`	`Ctrl`+`Tab ↹` / `Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`Tab ↹`
Switch window without dialog (next/previous)	`Alt`+`Esc` / `⇧ Shift`+`Alt`+`Esc`	Only works within single Applications `⌘ Cmd`+` / `⌘ Cmd`+`~`	`Ctrl`+`Esc` / `⇧ Shift`+`Ctrl`+`Esc`
Run application	`⊞ Win`, enter executable name or `⊞ Win`+`R`, enter executable name	`⌘ Cmd`+`Space`, enter executable name	`Alt`+`F2`, enter executable name
Search	`⊞ Win`, enter executable name or `⊞ Win`+`F` or `F3`	`⌘ Cmd`+`Space` / `Alt`+`F`

Power management[edit]

Action	Windows	Mac OS	KDE / GNOME
Place computer into sleep/standby mode	`⊞ Win`+`→`+`→`+`↵ Enter`(Windows 7) , `Sleep` (specific keyboards)	`⌥ Opt`+`⌘ Cmd`+`Eject`	`Sleep` (available on some keyboards, configurable in Control Panel → Power Options → Advanced tab dialog box)
Windows task manager	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`Esc`	`Ctrl`+`⌥ Opt`+`⌘ Cmd`+`Eject` (no confirmation, shutdown is immediate)	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`⇧ Shift`+`PageDown` (KDE; no confirmation, shutdown is immediate)
Restart computer	Ctrl\|Shift\|qq\| `⊞ Win`+`x` > `u`> `r` Windows 7: `⊞ Win`+`→`+`→`+`↑`+`↵ Enter`	`Ctrl`+`⌘ Cmd`+`Eject` (no confirmation, restart is immediate)	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`⇧ Shift`+`PageUp` (KDE; no confirmation, restart is immediate)
Place display in sleep mode	button on monitor	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`Eject`
Bring up power/sleep dialog box	`⊞ Win`+`D`release then`Alt`+`F4`	`Ctrl`+`Eject`

Screenshots[edit]

Action	Windows	Mac OS	KDE / GNOME
Save screenshot of entire screen as file	`⊞ Win`+`Print Screen` or`Print Screen`	`⇧ Shift`+`⌘ Cmd`+`3`	`Print Screen` set the name and click "Save". GNOME Shell
Save screenshot of window as file		`⇧ Shift`+`⌘ Cmd`+`4` then `Space`	`Alt`+`Print Screen` set the name and click "Save". [[GNOME]]
Copy screenshot of window to clipboard	`Alt`+`Print Screen`	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`f5`+`4` then`Space`	`Alt`+`Print Screen` click "Copy to Clipboard". [[GNOME]]
Copy screenshot of arbitrary area to clipboard		`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`⌘ Cmd`+`4`	`⇧ Shift`+`Print Screen` click "Copy to Clipboard". [[GNOME]]
Save screenshot of arbitrary area as file		`⇧ Shift`+`⌘ Cmd`+`4`	`⇧ Shift`+`Print Screen` set the name and click "Save".[[GNOME]]
Screencasting			`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`Alt`+`R`

Text editing[edit]

Many of these commands may be combined with ⇧ Shift to select a region of text.^{[notes 1]}

Action	Windows	Mac OS	KDE / GNOME	Emacs	Vim
Delete char to the right of cursor	`Del` or `Fn`+`← Backspace`	`Del` or `Ctrl` or `Fn`+`← Backspace`	`Del`	`Ctrl`+`d`	`x`
Delete word to the right of cursor	`Ctrl`+`Del`	`⌥ Opt`+`Del` or `⌥ Opt`+`Fn`+`← Backspace`	`Ctrl`+`Del`	`Meta`+`d`	`dw` (delete space too) or `de` (keep space)
Delete word to the left of cursor	`Ctrl`+`← Backspace`	`⌥ Opt`+`← Backspace`	`Ctrl`+`← Backspace`	`Ctrl`+`← Backspace` or `Meta`+`← Backspace`	`dge` (delete space too) or `db` (keep space)
Go to start of line	`Home` or `Fn`+`←`	`⌘ Cmd`+`←` or `Ctrl`+`A`	`Home`	`Ctrl`+`a` or `Home`	`^` (go to first non-space) or `0` (go to column 0)
Go to end of line	`End` or `Fn`+`→`	`⌘ Cmd`+`→` or `Ctrl`+`E`	`End`	`Ctrl`+`e` or `End`	`$`
Go to start of document	`Ctrl`+`Home`	`⌘ Cmd`+`↑`	`Ctrl`+`Home`	`Meta`+`<` or `Ctrl`+`Home`	`gg`
Go to end of document	`Ctrl`+`End`	`⌘ Cmd`+`↓`	`Ctrl`+`End`	`Meta`+`>` or `Ctrl`+`End`	`G`
Go to previous word	`Ctrl`+`←` or `Ctrl`+`/`	+`⌥ Opt`+`←`	`Ctrl`+`←`	`Meta`+`b` or `Ctrl`+`←` or `Meta`+`←`	`b` or `ge`
Go to next word	`Ctrl`+`→`	`⌥ Opt`+`→`	`Ctrl`+`→`	`Meta`+`f` or `Ctrl`+`→` or `Meta`+`→`	`w` or `e`
Go to previous line	`↑`	`↑` or `Ctrl`+`p`	`↑`	`Ctrl`+`p` or `↑` \|`k` or `↑`	`k` or `↑`
Go to next line	`↓`	`↓` or `Ctrl`+`n`	`↓`	`Ctrl`+`n` or `↓`	`j` or `↓`
Go to previous line break (paragraph)	`Ctrl`+`↑`	`⌥ Opt`+`↑`	`Ctrl}`+`↑` (kword or GNOME)	`Meta`+`(` or`Control`+`↑`	`(`
Go to next line break	`Ctrl`+`↓`	`⌥ Opt`+`↓`	`Ctrl`+`↓` (kword or GNOME)	`Meta`+`}` or `Control`+`↓`	`)`
Move the cursor down the length of the viewport	`Page Down`	`⌥ Opt`+`⇟` or `⌥ Opt`+`Fn`+`↓`	`Page Down`	`Ctrl`+`v` or `Page Down`	`Ctrl`+`f` or `Page Down`
Move the cursor up the length of the viewport	`Page Up`	`⌥ Opt`+`⇞` or `⌥ Opt`+`Fn`+`↑`	`Page Up`	`Meta`+`v` or `Page Up`	`Ctrl`+`b` or `Page Up`
Find	`Ctrl`+`F`	`⌘ Cmd`+`F` `⌘ Cmd`+`E` (Search with current selection)	`Ctrl`+`F` `Ctrl`+`K` (GNOME; interactive search)	`Ctrl`+`s`	`/`
Go to next search result	`F3`	`⌘ Cmd`+`G`	`Ctrl`+`G` (GNOME) or `F3` (KDE)^[1]	`Ctrl`+`s`	`n`
Go to previous search result	`⇧ Shift`+`F3`	`⇧ Shift`+`⌘ Cmd`+`G`	`⇧ Shift`+`Ctrl`+`G` (GNOME) or `⇧ Shift`+`F3` (KDE)^[1]	`Ctrl`+`r`	`N`
Search and replace	`Ctrl`+`H`	`⌘ Cmd`+`F`	`Ctrl`+`H` (GNOME) or `Ctrl`+`R` (KDE)	`Meta`+`%`	`%s/fosh/fish/gc`^[2]
Search with a regular expression				`Ctrl`+`Meta`+`s`	All search uses regular expressions.
Search and replace with a regular expression				`Ctrl`+`Meta`+`%`	All search uses regular expressions.

Text formatting[edit]

Action	Windows	Mac OS	KDE / GNOME^[3]	Emacs	Vim
Bold	`Ctrl`+`B`	`⌘ Cmd`+`B`	`Ctrl`+`B`	`Meta`+`o`, then `b`
Underline	`Ctrl`+`U`	`⌘ Cmd`+`U`	`Ctrl`+`U`	`Meta`+`o`, then `u`
Italic	`Ctrl`+`I`	`⌘ Cmd`+`I`	`Ctrl`+`I`	`Meta`+`o`, then `i`
Uppercase / Lowercase	`⇧ Shift`+`F3` or `Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`A`	`⌥ Opt`+`⌘ Cmd`+`C`	`⇧ Shift`+`F3`	`Meta`+`u` for upper, `Meta`+`l` for lower, `Meta`+`c`for capitalized.	`gU` for upper, `gu` for lower, `~` to toggle.
Superscript	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`=`	`Ctrl`+`⌘ Cmd`+`+` (some applications only)	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`P`^[4]
Subscript	`Ctrl`+`=`	`Ctrl`+`⌘ Cmd`+`-` (some applications only)	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`B`^[4]
Selected text larger/smaller	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`>`, `Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`<` or `Ctrl`+`[`, `Ctrl/core`+`]`	`⌥ Opt`+`⇧ Shift`+`>` `⌥ Opt`+`⇧ Shift`+`<`
Selected text Bullets or Numbered Items	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`L`
Insert Linebreak	`⇧ Shift`+`↵ Enter`	`Alt`+`↵ Enter`	`⇧ Shift`+`↵ Enter`

Browsers / Go menu[edit]

Action	Windows	Mac OS	KDE / GNOME
Go to Address Bar	`Alt`+`D` or `Alt`+`C` or `F6` depending on language	`⌘ Cmd`+`L` or `⇧ Shift`+`⌘ Cmd`+`G`	`Ctrl`+`L` or `Alt`+`D` or `F6`
Go to the previous location in history^[5]	`Alt`+`←` or `← Backspace`	`⌘ Cmd`+`[` or `⌘ Cmd`+`←`	`Alt`+`←`
Go to the next location in history	`Alt`+`→` or `⇧ Shift`+`← Backspace` (web browser only)	`⌘ Cmd`+`]` or `⌘ Cmd`+`→`	`Alt`+`→`
Go up one level in the navigation hierarchy	`Alt`+`↑` (Vista, 7 or 8 only) or `← Backspace` (Windows Explorer)	`⌘ Cmd`+`↑`	`Alt`+`↑`
Go to the starting page defined by the user or application	`Alt`+`Home`	`⌘ Cmd`+`Home`	`Ctrl`+`Home` (KDE) / `Alt`+`Home` (GNOME)

Web browsers[edit]

Action	Windows	Mac OS	KDE / GNOME	Emacs-w3m	Vimperator
Bookmarks menu	`Ctrl`+`B`	`⌘ Cmd`+`B` (Firefox)	`Alt`+`B`	`v`	`:bmarks`
URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .com)	`↵ Enter`	`⌘ Cmd`+`↵ Enter` (Firefox) or `Ctrl`+`↵ Enter` (Chrome)	`Ctrl`+`↵ Enter`
URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .org)	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`↵ Enter`	`⇧ Shift`+`⌘ Cmd`+`↵ Enter` (Firefox)	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`↵ Enter`
URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .net)	`⇧ Shift`+`↵ Enter`	`⇧ Shift`+`↵ Enter` (Firefox)	`⇧ Shift`+`↵ Enter`
Add bookmark for current page	`Ctrl`+`D`	`⌘ Cmd`+`D`	`Ctrl`+`B` / `Ctrl`+`D`	`a`	`:bmark`
Add bookmark for current link				`Meta`+`a`
Manage bookmarks	`Ctrl`+`B`	`⌘ Cmd`+`⌥ Opt`+`B` (Chrome/Safari) or `⌘ Cmd`+`⇧ Shift`+`B` (Firefox)	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`R` / `Ctrl`+`B`
Focus and select Web search bar	`Ctrl`+`E`	`⌘ Cmd`+`E` (Opera) or `⌘ Cmd`+`K` (Firefox) or `⌥ Opt`+`⌘ Cmd`+`F` (Safari)	`Ctrl`+`k`		`t` (open in a new tab) or `T` (open in current tab)
Focus and select address bar	`Ctrl`+`L` or `F6` or `Alt`+`D`	`⌘ Cmd`+`L`	`Ctrl`+`L` or `Alt`+`D` or `F6`	`g`	`O` to alter URL, use `y` to copy it.
Refresh a webpage	`F5` or `Ctrl`+`R`	`⌘ Cmd`+`R`	`F5` or `Ctrl}`+`R`	`R`	`r`
Refresh a webpage ignoring cache	`Ctrl`+`F5` or `Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`R`	`⌘ Cmd`+`⇧ Shift`+`R`	`Ctrl`+`ShiftF5` or `Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`R`		`R`
Open a new window	`Ctrl`+`N`	`⌘ Cmd`+`N` (Chrome)	`Ctrl`+`N`		`:winopen`
Zoom Options (zoom in / zoom out / zoom 100%)	`Ctrl`+`+` / `Ctrl`+`-` / `Ctrl`+`0`	`⌘ Cmd`+`+` / `⌘ Cmd`+`-` / `⌘ Cmd`+`0`	`Ctrl`+`+` / `Ctrl`+`-` / `Ctrl`+`0`		`zi` / `zo` / `zz` (text only) or `zI` / `zO` / `zZ` (text and images)

Tab management[edit]

Action	Windows	Mac OS	KDE / GNOME	Emacs-w3m	Vimperator
New tab	`Ctrl`+`T`	`⌘ Cmd`+`T`	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`N` or `Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`T` or `Ctrl`+`T`	`Ctrl`+`c`, then`Ctrl`+`t`	`t`
Close tab	`Ctrl`+`W`	`⌘ Cmd`+`W`	`Ctrl`+`W` Mozilla Firefox^[6] & Opera ^[7] & Chrome ^[8] & Arora ^[9] &Epiphany ^[10] & Midori `Ctrl`+`F4` Mozilla Firefox ^[6] & Opera ^[7] & Chrome ^[8] & Arora ^[9]		`d`
Close all tabs but the current one		`⌘ Cmd`+`⌥ Opt`+`t`(Safari)		`Ctrl`+`c`, then `Meta`+`w`
Go to next tab	`Ctrl`+`Tab ↹`	`Ctrl`+`Tab ↹` or `⌘ Cmd`+`⇧ Shift`+`→`(Safari)	`Ctrl`+`PageDown` or `Ctrl`+`Tab ↹` or `Ctrl`+`.`	`Ctrl`+`c`, then`Ctrl`+`n`	`gt`
Go to previous tab	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`Tab ↹`	`⇧ Shift`+`Ctrl`+`Tab ↹` or `⌘ Cmd`+`⇧ Shift`+`←`(Safari)	`Ctrl`+`PageUp` or `Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`Tab ↹` or `Ctrl`+`,`	`Ctrl`+`c`, then`Ctrl`+`p`	`gT`
Go to tab-n	`Ctrl`+`n` (Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer)	`⌘ Cmd`+`N`(Chrome)	`Alt`+`N` (Chrome, Firefox) or `Ctrl`+`N` (Chrome)		First tab: `g0` Last tab: `g$`
Open a previously closed tab	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`T`	`⌘ Cmd`+`⇧ Shift`+`T` (Firefox, Opera,Chrome)	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`T` (Firefox, Opera, Chrome)^[8]^[11]^[12]	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`T`(Firefox)^[11]	`u`
Open a previously closed window	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`N`(Firefox)^[11]

Window management[edit]

Action	Windows	Mac OS	KDE	GNOME	Emacs
Close all internet tabs	`⊞ Win`+`K`	`⌘ Cmd`+`F11`
Force window mode (Application requires functionality for set action)	`Alt`+`↵ Enter`	`⌥ Option`+`Alt`+`↵ Enter` or `⌥ Option`+`Alt`+`F` or `⌘ Cmd`+`F` or `⌘ Cmd`+`⌥ Option`+`F`
Pop up window menu	`Alt`+`Space`		`Alt`+`F3`	`Alt`+`Space`	`Meta`+`, then `b`
Close the focused window	`Alt`+`F4` or `Alt`+`Space` then `C`^{[notes 2]}	`⌘ Cmd`+`W`	`Alt`+`F4`	`Alt`+`F4`	`Ctrl`+`x`, then `k`
Close all windows of current application		`⌘ Cmd`+`⌥ Option`+`W`
Restore the focused window to its previous size	`Alt`+`Space` then `R`^{[notes 2]}		`Alt`+`F3` then `X`	`Alt`+`F5`	`Ctrl`+`x`, then `r`, then `j`, then letter of the window state register.
Move the focused window	`Alt`+`Space` then `M`^{[notes 2]} then `Arrow Keys` and `↵ Enter`(to save location)		`Alt`+Mouse / `Alt`+`F3` then `M` then `Arrow Keys`	`Alt`+Mouse / `Alt`+`F7` then `Arrow Keys`
Resize the focused window	`Alt`+`Space` then `S`^{[notes 2]} then `Arrow Keys`		`Alt`+`F3` then `S` then `Arrow Keys`	`Alt`+`F8` then `Arrow Keys`	`Ctrl`+`x`, then `^`vertically
Hide the focused window		`⌘ Cmd`+`H`			`Meta`+`x`, then bury-buffer, then `↵ Enter`
Hide all except the focused window		`⌘ Cmd`+`⌥ Option`+`H`
Lower the focused window	`Alt`+`Esc`
Minimize the focused window	`Alt`+`Space` then `N`,^{[notes 2]} or `⊞ Win`+`↓` (Windows Vista Home Premium, Windows >=7)	`⌘ Cmd`+`M`	`Alt`+`F3` then `N`	`Alt`+`F9`	`Meta`+`x`, then bury-buffer, then `↵ Enter`
Maximize the focused window	`Alt`+`Space` then `X`,^{[notes 2]} or `⊞ Win`+`↑` (Windows 7, 8, 10)	`⌘ Cmd`+`L`	`Alt`+`F3` then `X`	`Alt`+`F10`	`Ctrl`+`x`, then `1`
Maximize horizontally			Available, but no default	Available, but no default
Maximize vertically	`⊞ Win`+`⇧ Shift`+`↑` (Windows 7 and Windows 8)	Available ('Zoom'), but no default	Available, but no default	Available, but no default
Minimize all	`⊞ Win`+`M` or `⊞ Win`+`D`	`⌘ Cmd`+`Alt`+`M`	Available, but no default	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`D`
Minimize all non focused windows	`⊞ Win`+`Home` (Windows 7, 8.1, 10)		Available, but no default
Undo minimize all	`⇧ Shift`+`⊞ Win`+`M`		Available, but no default	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`D`
Switch fullscreen/normal size	`F11`	`⌘ Cmd`+`⇧ Shift`+`F`	`F11`	`F11`
Show the window in full screen mode, with no border, menubar, toolbar or statusbar		Depends on application, system default:`⌘ Cmd`+`CTRL`+`F`	`Ctrl`+`⇧ Shift`+`F`	`Ctrl`+`F11`
Rollup/down window			Available, but no default	`Alt`+`F12`
Show all open windows	`⊞ Win`+`Tab ↹` (Windows 7)	`F9` or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner^[13]^[14]		`⊞ Win` works per desktop on Gnome 3+	`Ctrl`+`x`, then `Ctrl`+`b`
Show all windows of current application		`F3` or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner^[13]^[14]		`Ctrl`+`	`Ctrl`+`x`, then `Ctrl`+`b`
Show all workspaces	`⊞ Win`+`Tab ↹` (only Windows 10)	`F8` or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner^[13]^[14]		`⊞ Win` then mouse over the desktop bar on the right edge of the screen
Move window to left/right/up/down workspace	`⊞ Win`+`←`/`→` (Windows 7 and Windows 8)		Available, but no default	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`⇧ Shift`+`←`/ `→` / `↑` / `↓`
Move window between multiple monitors	`⊞ Win`+`⇧ Shift`+`←`/`→` (Windows 7 and Windows 8)
Move window to workspace n			Available, but no default
Switch to next/previous workspace list			Available, but no default
Go to workspace n		`Ctrl`+`n`	`Ctrl`+`Fn`
Go to left/right/up/down workspace	^{[notes 3]}	`Ctrl`+`←` / `Ctrl`+`→` / `Ctrl`+`↑` / `Ctrl`+`↓`(OS X 10.5 to 10.6), `Ctrl`+`←`/ `Ctrl`+`→` (OS X 10.7)	Available, but no default	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`←` / `→` / `↑` / `↓`
Quit application of current window	`Alt`+`F4` or `Ctrl`+`F4` varies^{[notes 4]}	`⌘ Cmd`+`Q`^{[notes 5]}	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`Esc`		`q`
Close dialog	`Esc` (Laptop) `⊞ Win`+`↓`+`F4` (Desktop)	`Esc`
Open/Focus (preview) pinned program on the taskbar	`⊞ Win`+`(#)` where "#" is the position of the program on the Windows Taskbar (Windows 7 and Windows 8.1)
Open new program window of pinned program in Quick Launch	`⊞ Win`+`(#)` where "#" is the position of the program on the Quick Launch toolbar (Windows Vista, 7 and 8.1)	`⌘ Cmd`+`A`+`⇧ Shift`
Open new program window of the pinned program on the taskbar (if program is already opened)	`⊞ Win`+`⇧ Shift`+`(#)` where "#" is the position of the program on the Windows Taskbar (Windows 7 and Windows 8.1)
Focus the first taskbar entry. Pressing again will cycle through them	`⊞ Win`+`T`, you can `←→` back and forth. Hold `⇧ Shift` to cycle backwards (Windows 7 and Windows 8.1)
Peek at the desktop	`⊞ Win`+`Space` (Windows 7 only) `Fn`+`⊞ Win` (Windows 8 and later)	`F11` or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner^[13]^[14]
Bring gadgets to the front of the Z-order and cycle between gadgets	`⊞ Win`+`G` (Windows Vista,7) or `⊞ Win`+`Space` (Vista only, no cycling)
External display options (mirror, extend desktop, etc.)	`⊞ Win`+`P` (Windows 7 and Windows 8)

User interface navigation (widgets and controls)[edit]

Action	Windows	Mac OS	KDE	GNOME
Moves keyboard focus to next/previous control	`Tab ↹` / `⇧ Shift`+`Tab ↹`	With full keyboard access active (System Preferences > Keyboard > Keyboard Shortcuts > Full Keyboard Access > All Controls) `Tab ↹` / `⇧ Shift`+`Tab ↹`	Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Pop up tooltip for currently focused control	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core			Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Show context-sensitive help for currently focused window or control	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Give focus to next/previous pane	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core		Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Give focus to splitter bar in paned window				Template:Key press/core
Give focus to window's menu bar	Template:Key press/core or Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core, then type command name, or Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core (or Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core on some keyboards - requires full keyboard access active using System Preferences > Keyboard > Keyboard Shortcuts > Full Keyboard Access > All Controls))	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core
Pop up contextual menu for currently selected objects (aka context menu)	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core or Template:Key press/core	Varies with laptop / extended keyboard type; enable Mouse keys in Universal Access, then Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core+5 or Template:Key press/core+5 (numeric keypad) or Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core+i (laptop)	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core or Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Toggle selected state of focused checkbox, radio button, or toggle button	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core
Activate focused button, menu item etc.	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core (also Template:Key press/core for menu items)	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core
Select/move to first/last item in selected widget			Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core
Scroll selected view by one page up/left/down/right		Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core (or Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core on some keyboards)		Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Scroll selected view to top/bottom		Template:Key press/core or on MacBook Pro Template:Key press/core + Template:Key press/core + Template:Key press/core Template:Key press/core or on MacBook Pro Template:Key press/core + Template:Key press/core + Template:Key press/core
Switch focus to the next/previous tab within a window	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core		Template:Key press+Template:Key press -> Template:Key press+Template:Key press+Template:Key press <-
Switch focus to the next/previous panel on the desktop				Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Switch focus to the next/previous panel (without dialog)				Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core

Command line shortcuts[edit]

Below is a list of common keyboard shortcuts that are used in a command line environment.

Accessibility[edit]

In Windows, it is possible to disable these shortcuts using the Accessibility or Ease of Access control panel.
In GNOME, these shortcuts are possible if Universal Access is enabled.

Action	Windows	Mac OS	KDE	GNOME
Utility Manager	Template:Key press
Use keyboard to control cursor	Template:Key press			^[15]
Allow user to press shortcuts one key at a time	Template:Key press press 5 times			***Template:Key press 5 times ^[16]
Hear beep when -lock key pressed	Template:Key press hold 5 seconds
Stop/slow repeating characters when key is pressed	Template:Key press hold 8 seconds			***Template:Key press hold for 8 seconds^[17] ^[18]^[19]
Inverse (Reverse Colors) Mode	Template:Key press	Template:Key press	Template:Key press (if enabled)
Inverse (Reverse Colors) Mode (Only current window)			Template:Key press (if enabled)

Notes[edit]

Template:Reflist

References[edit]

Template:Reflist

External links[edit]

General
- Firefox browser keyboard shortcuts
Mac OS X
General Windows Applications
- Microsoft Support, Keyboard Shortcuts for Windows
- Windows Keyboard Shortcuts
Linux/G.N.U.
- GNOME
  - Useful keyboard shortcuts
  - Keyboard Navigation
  - Set Keyboard Shortcuts
  - Universal Access
  - Usage
  - Keyboard Interaction
  - http://library.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/unstable/* for the latest documentation of unstable
- KDE
  - KDE Fundamentals: Common Keyboard Shortcuts
  - KDE Community Wiki: KDE Visual Design Group/HIG/Keyboard Shortcuts
- Office Suites
  - OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice
    - OpenOffice.org and LibreOffice Keyboard Shortcuts
- Web Browsers
  - Mozilla Firefox for Linux
    - Keyboard Shortcuts
  - Google Chrome
    - Linux Keyboard Shortcuts
  - Opera
    - Keyboard Shortcuts
  - Web (previously Epiphany) official web browser for GNOME

1 Comments

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Action	Microsoft Windows (cmd.exe)	Microsoft Windows (Windows PowerShell)	Unix/Linux/Mac OS X (bash)	Unix/Linux/Mac OS X (POSIX shell)
Scroll through History of typed commands	Template:Key press/core/Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core/Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core/Template:Key press/core or Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core/Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core Template:Key press/core / Template:Key press/core Template:Key press/core
Signal end-of-file	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core		Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Abort current command/typing	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Erase word to the left	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core		Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core or Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Erase word to the right	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core		Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Erase line to the left	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Erase line to the right	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Yank/paste previously erased string			Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Move one word to the left (backward)	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Move one word to the right (forward)	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Move to beginning of line	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core or Template:Key press/core
Move to end of line	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core or Template:Key press/core
Reverse search of history	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Stop execution of the current job			Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Insert the next character typed verbatim			Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Autocomplete command/file name	Template:Key press/core (enabled by default in Windows XP and later)	Template:Key press/core	Template:Key press/core (usually once)	Template:Key press/core (usually twice)
Paste contents of clipboard at cursor	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core then Template:Key press/core then Template:Key press/core		Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Scroll window up	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core (may not work in some versions of Windows XP)		Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Scroll window down	Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core (may not work in some versions of Windows XP)		Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core
Clear screen			Template:Key press/core+Template:Key press/core

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Navigation[edit]

Power management[edit]

Screenshots[edit]

Text editing[edit]

Text formatting[edit]

Browsers / Go menu[edit]

Web browsers[edit]

Tab management[edit]

Window management[edit]

User interface navigation (widgets and controls)[edit]

Command line shortcuts[edit]

Accessibility[edit]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

External links[edit]

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